Mineral extraction in the Peak District dates back to prehistoric times, and has led to the creation of some of our unique habitats.

As of 2023, there are 31 active surface mineral extraction sites (opens new window) in the Peak District and a further eight sites are dormant or in aftercare. Many of these were operating before National Park designation in 1951.

The National Park Management Plan 2023-2028 sets out the objective for the Local Plan to

‘recognise the local mineral resource by enabling a sustainable level of mineral activity appropriate to our special landscape.’

Although active quarries pose challenges for nature recovery areas, there are measures that can be taken in and around both active and disused quarries that can help some species thrive in these heavily disturbed environments.

For over 50 years, quarries have been restored for nature (opens new window). Their often large sizes and number across the country has allowed them to act as key components of Lawtonian Nature Recovery Networks (opens new window). Because of this, disused quarries can go above and beyond the requirements stated in Biodiversity Net Gain targets, and it`s important that they maintain their status as leaders in restoring nature in the future.

For nature

• Active quarries run sensitively can support species such as peregrine or great crested newts, without affecting operation.
• New or extended mineral extraction sites should be contributing to Net Gain, helping to enhance and create habitats for wildlife.
• Disused quarries offer the opportunity to design and create new rich habitats (opens new window) that can support some of our rarest and most threatened species.

What else can quarries supporting nature deliver?

• Trees and species-rich habitats in disused quarries can take in and store carbon, helping mitigate climate change.
• Disused quarries offer recreation opportunities, and chances for people to engage with nature, supporting health and wellbeing.
• Local communities can engage with their local natural environment.
• Quarries can showcase the geology of an area, helping people understand the foundation our habitats and species are built on.
• Quarries and mineral extraction have influenced our rich cultural heritage.
• Active quarries are an important employer in the area.

In practice

• The complexity of quarry operations may require a bespoke approach to Biodiversity Net Gain. The industry is currently engaging with Natural England on how the approach can work for mineral extraction sites.
• Planning policies support restoration of minerals sites to deliver nature recovery.
• The restoration of each quarry site will be different, depending on the geology, aspect, type of mineral working, and many other factors. Planning Authorities work closely with businesses to ensure opportunities for nature are maximised.